Abstract
Chapter 9 focuses on the central act of grant writing: constructing the proposal narrative that presents a project and persuades a funder that it deserves support. The chapter distinguishes among the application package, proposal narrative, and technical proposal and identifies common components that may appear within a proposal. It addresses how writers begin the document, including determining the submission method, choosing an appropriate voice and perspective, following formal conventions, and developing an effective outline. Particular attention is given to the sections of the proposal and the ways writers communicate project design, methods, sustainability, and related elements. The chapter also recognizes that proposal writing takes place within technological environments and considers how AI may assist writers during development. At the same time, restrictions on AI use imposed by funders or institutions must be taken seriously. The chapter therefore combines practical guidance on proposal construction with rhetorical attention to audience, purpose, structure, and credibility. Writing the proposal becomes an exercise in translating a fundable idea into a coherent, persuasive, compliant document that makes the project understandable and compelling to reviewers.

Proposal Packages, Technical Proposals, and Other Terms
The Proposal Narrative
Starting the Proposal
Determining the Proposal Submission Method
Choosing Voice and Perspective
Formal Conventions and the Outline
Sections of the Proposal
Using AI to Assist You
Restrictions on AI Use
Summary